Difference between window height and document height

What is the difference between window height and document height
The window height is what you see (i.e browser viewport), but the document height includes everything below or above the visible area. 

How to detect if the user has scrolled to the bottom of the page
Here is the formula to detect if the user has scrolled to the bottom of the page

if (verticalScrollBarPosition == $(document).height() - $(window).height()) {
    floatingDiv.html('Reached the bottom of the page');
} 

Why window height and document height are the same in Google chrome
Without DOCTYPE tag Chrome reports the same value for both window height and document height. Include the following DOCTYPE declaration
<!DOCTYPE html> 

Example used in the demo 

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
    <script src="jquery-1.11.2.js"></script>
    <script type="text/javascript">
        $(document).ready(function () {
            var floatingDiv = $("#divfloating");
            var floatingDivPosition = floatingDiv.position();
            $(window).scroll(function () {
                var scrollPosition = $(window).scrollTop();
                if (scrollPosition >= floatingDivPosition.top) {
                    floatingDiv.css({
                        'position': 'fixed',
                        'top': 3
                    });
                } else {
                    floatingDiv.css({
                        'position': 'relative',
                        'top': 0
                    });
                }

                floatingDiv.html('Window Height = ' + $(window).height() + '<br/>' +
                        'Document Height = ' + $(document).height() + '<br/>' +
                        'Vertical Scrollbar Position = ' + scrollPosition
                    );

                if (scrollPosition == $(document).height() - $(window).height()) {
                    floatingDiv.html('Reached the bottom of the page');
                }
            });
        });
    </script>
</head>
<body style="font-family:Arial;">
    <table align="center" border="1" style="border-collapse:collapse">
        <tr>
            <td style="width:500px">
                <div>
                    Main Page Content
                </div>
            </td>
            <td style="width:150px; vertical-align:top">
                Side panel content
                <br /><br />
                <div id="divfloating" style="background-color:silver; width:150px;height:150px">
                    Floating Div - Keeps floating as you scroll down the page
                </div>
            </td>
        </tr>
    </table>
</body>
</html>

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